{"id":517,"date":"2020-07-16T08:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T01:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/giaotieptracan.wordpress.com\/?p=517"},"modified":"2026-04-26T10:29:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T10:29:35","slug":"hien-dien-lang-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/2020\/07\/16\/hien-dien-lang-nghe\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n &amp; L\u1eafng nghe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi b\u1ea1n Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1eb7ng \u00c1i D\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 11.07.2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u1ea6M QUAN TR\u1eccNG C\u1ee6A S\u1ef0 HI\u1ec6N DI\u1ec6N V\u00c0 L\u1eaeNG NGHE TRONG GIAO TI\u1ebeP TR\u1eaeC \u1ea8N<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u1ebf n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u1ea1i sao anh kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1edbi em m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f3 n\u00f3i em c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u1eb9 \u00e0, con c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, con ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u2026.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u con g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Em m\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang ta d\u1eebng cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Em l\u00e0m anh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? Tuy h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m chung : Kh\u00f4ng Hi\u1ec3u Nhau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft l\u1eafng nghe \u0111\u00fang: hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, r\u0169 b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 ri\u00eang, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, kinh nghi\u1ec7m, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t) t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong l\u1eafng nghe<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1ed3n n\u00e9n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ecb k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nghe th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Th\u00f3i quen, r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thi\u1ebfu ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn trong l\u1eafng nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nghe l\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3ng, suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd nghe b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u201cPh\u1ea3i\u201d l\u1eafng nghe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung nghe: ch\u1ec9 nghe nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh quan t\u00e2m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nghe v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i: \u201cchuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u2013 L\u1eafng nghe s\u00e2u tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><u>M\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea1n<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai \u0111\u00f3 trao ni\u1ec1m tin l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen mong mu\u1ed1n m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd n\u00f3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta \u201cph\u1ea3i\u201d nh\u1edb, ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi l\u1eafng nghe v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t m\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ecf ra hi\u1ec3u thay v\u00ec th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n cho b\u1ea1n. C\u1edfi b\u1ecf \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i (Paraphrasing) l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin m\u00ecnh nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin m\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang \u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i nghe l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><u>M\u00ecnh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u201cm\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea1n\u201d, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a l\u1eddi an \u1ee7i, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi l\u1eafng nghe. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i, ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafng nghe \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n m\u00ecnh l\u1eafng nghe b\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Con c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong m\u00f4n to\u00e1n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m con t\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc. Con kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp nhanh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi m\u00f4n n\u00e0y. M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n l\u1eafng nghe ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean hay gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap luy\u1ec7n L\u1eafng nghe t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u01b0u \u00fd v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh trong khi l\u1eafng nghe,\u00a0 ghi ch\u00fa nhanh xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ea1ch c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Khi anh\/ ch\u1ecb n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y\u2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u00fac b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00f4i xin l\u1ed7i v\u00ec v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1eafm, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n l\u1eafng nghe b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c \u0111ang c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd t\u00f4i 5ph\u00fat\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ch\u00fa \u00fd, quan t\u00e2m l\u1eafng nghe b\u00ean trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft \u01a1n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 l\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3ng, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nghe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nghe (di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00f9ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin trong vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i, t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c quan t\u00e2m, g\u1ee3i m\u1edf cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, \u0111o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nghe ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng, t\u0129nh t\u00e2m, thi\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fac t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, l\u1eafng nghe s\u00e2u h\u01a1n trong giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Presence: don&#8217;t just do something, stand there&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[12,21,30,31],"class_list":["post-517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lang-nghe","tag-compassionate-communication","tag-giao-tiep-trac-an","tag-hien-dien","tag-listening"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=517"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3318,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/517\/revisions\/3318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.giaotieptracan.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}